Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.
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Ball-arithmetic bounds for the cubic family lengths
verify/: A distinct PASS grade warrants tier 1 for the strict cubic family bound, exact gamma value, every-cubic inequality and equality classification, at the recorded source and arithmetic boundaries.
From the repository root run:
uv run --no-sync python wiki/theory/polynomials/L144_cubic_lemniscate_length/evidence/main.pyThe program uses the repository's tools.Checker and python-flint arb and acb
balls at 64 bits. It takes about five minutes on one thread and reads no
input files. It implements Sections 5 to 7 of the
proof: thirteen
parameter boxes of width on which the scaled integral is
negative, an adaptive cover of by parameter
boxes on which the length is below , the check that the two
regimes overlap, and the check that the boxes of the second regime tile its
range. Every bound is a sum of exact piece widths times ends of balls, so it
holds uniformly on its box; tolerances affect only how many pieces are used.
A control at computes upper and lower bounds and checks
that they differ by less than . The upper integral ends at a dyadic
enclosure of from above; the lower integral ends at one from below and
omits the singular window. Each window is checked to lie inside
and to contain the critical angle for the whole parameter box.
The arithmetic uses the enclosing endpoints and unions documented for python-flint arb, with root enclosures from python-flint acb. The proof explains why choosing either quadratic root or any cube root preserves the sum. Integration uses real interval bounds, without assuming that a complex integrand is analytic across a branch cut. A finite enclosure at the depth limit is still a valid, possibly coarse bound; a nonfinite one fails. No tolerance is accepted as an error estimate.
The program does not check the written reductions: the length integral, the root identities, the comparison with , the tail constant's derivation and the reduction of all cubics to the family are proved on the proof page. Every failed obligation, including a nonfinite enclosure in the first regime, causes a nonzero exit. This is author evidence, not an independent examination.