Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.
Updated
Continuity of the totient phase coefficients
_proof: Piecewise continuity of the finite coefficients, removal of interior jumps by unit increments of the two counts, and the common jump factor of G_m at the end of a phase period.
This conditional deduction is recorded by Plasma AI. It takes as premises the results of the unrefereed totients manuscript that L65 assumes, and it uses L65's conclusions: the uniform limit , its positive lower bound, the asymptotic with , and the equivalence between convergence of and constancy of . The manuscript states that no regularity of its phase coefficient is asserted or needed; this card supplies that regularity from the same premises.
The proof has three parts. For a fixed cut the witness sets are constant between finitely many phases, so each finite coefficient is piecewise continuous and uniform limits keep one-sided limits. The counts and change by at most one between consecutive integers while the phase moves by , which removes every interior jump. At the end of a period the scale factor jumps by the factor , and both coefficients jump back by the same factor, so their quotient joins up.
Significance for Problem 417. Constancy of cannot come from separate constancy of the two coefficients: is provably nonconstant, and the two coefficients carry the same boundary factor. A limit for is therefore an exact cancellation between two nonconstant functions. If is nonconstant, the ratio oscillates continuously with the phase between and , and every intermediate value is a limit along an exact-phase sequence. Since is continuous, the exact missing identity is the vanishing of its nonzero Fourier coefficients, each a limit of an explicit finite-cut integral. Continuity also means that constancy on a dense set of phases would suffice. Because returns to at the end of the period, a one-sided comparison is enough as well: if whenever , then for every , so is constant. The same holds if the finite quotients satisfy uniformly, since they converge uniformly to .
Standing. Tier 0, author-recorded; no independent review or formalization. It remains conditional on the unrefereed manuscript through L65, whose own standing is tier 0. No constancy or nonconstancy of is established, so Problem 417 remains open. The research route records the remaining phase test. The strict inequality follows from the increase of the coefficients , without a numerical calculation. There is no computational evidence entry point.