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This page is Plasma AI's editable proof sketch for the first unresolved instance of Problem 592,

Ω3→(Ω3,3)2,Ω3=ωω3.\Omega_3\to(\Omega_3,3)^2,\qquad \Omega_3=\omega^{\omega^3}.

It is the case γ=3\gamma=3 in the problem page's notation and β=3\beta=3 in Schipperus's journal paper. A result here would not settle the other sums of three indecomposable ordinals. The page follows the successor-tree interface, which proposes the route through a three-game construction: from a winning Architect strategy, build three trees whose three pairs are outputs of correct plays. For the explicit successor game used here, the finite-height source interface reconstructs the dichotomy, its finite-cover refinement, and the normalized Builder implication. The local arguments are author-recorded, tier 0, and unreviewed.

The main conclusion is a reduction. Theorem 5 and Propositions 6 and 7 build the three plays, one node at a time and for strategies that read numerical history, in three classes of winning strategies: all outputs outside, and all outputs inside with the first tree's top split at its first or at its last pair of selected leaves. By Corollary 2 the only remaining case is that of middle strategies, treated in its own section with a structural lemma and a fixed-shape template. These arguments hold at every finite height.

An earlier bounded conclusion is a precise obstruction to one proposed mechanism: requiring every selected leaf of the first tree to be selected in both of its games. A fixed, game-local winning strategy defeats that requirement, independently of all numerical choices. The same strategy admits the different explicit schedule below. Thus the obstruction concerns the synchronization requirement, not the three-game conclusion or the partition relation.

A three-element stack records which tree may move next. It is useful for both the obstruction and the construction, but it does not erase numerical histories from an adaptive strategy. The finite probes cover prescribed selection shapes and a separately defined adversary with access to all three games. Neither probe settles the general height-three problem.

Conventions

W3W_3 is the set of trees of Definitions 6--8 with root label 33. Every internal node is a successor node, and each branch has labels 3,2,1,03,2,1,0. Children are indexed from 00 as in Definition 9(4): a node xx with children x0,…,xMx_0,\ldots,x_M has M+1M+1 children. For a partition DD, Δx(D)=Sx∪{M}\Delta_x(D)=S_x\cup\{M\}, where Sx⊆{0,…,M−1}S_x\subseteq\{0,\ldots,M-1\} is the set of indices of the children in G(T,D)G(T,D). The game prose after Definition 17 and in Definition 18(1) instead counts max⁡Δx\max\Delta_x children; the print has this discrepancy on pp. 1200 and 1203. This page uses the zero-based successor game of the interface: a maximum MM gives children 0,…,M0,\ldots,M, with child MM unselected. A one-based version instead uses children 1,…,M1,\ldots,M. The constructions below work in either consistent convention: adding one to every numerical label and child index takes the zero-based game to the one-based game, with identical full child lists and conjugated strategies. The printed mixed convention is not silently asserted to be a literal game definition. This translation identifies two coherent game definitions; it does not by itself prove the source theorems for either repair. The separate reconstruction supplies the needed dichotomy and normalized Builder implication for this convention at finite height, at author standing.

Write AA, BB, CC for the three trees in the order of their first leaves. In each pair the tree with the earlier first leaf moves first in that pair's game. Its root's numbers come first, so it has fewer root children and is the smaller tree. In tree kk, a leaf is marked for ii if it is a selected leaf of Gi(Tk)G_i(T_k): a cell end of TkT_k against TiT_i. A leaf marked for both other trees is a double; a leaf marked for one is a single naming that tree. Reading a tree's leaves in order gives its mark word.

The games are those of Definitions 15--19 on printed pp. 1203--1204, read at statement depth. The positive labels 1,2,31,2,3 are the partial sums of 1+1+11+1+1, so by Definition 19(1) the Architect moves at every internal node. Only these compulsory finite-height prescriptions are used here; no limit-ladder instruction is transplanted to a successor node. Write q(x)=∣Δx∣−1q(x)=|\Delta_x|-1 for the prescribed number of selected children. This is the source's dxd_x, not the cardinality of Δx\Delta_x. A root may have q=0q=0, in which case its selection shape is empty. A nonroot node is selected when its index was selected at its parent.

Prescriptions at finite height

Lemma 1. Let σ\sigma be a winning Architect strategy on an infinite HH. In every legal play against σ\sigma whose Builder moves are sufficiently large in HH:

  1. at an internal node outside the selected set, σ\sigma prescribes one element, so no child is selected;
  2. at a selected nonroot internal node, σ\sigma prescribes at least two elements, so at least one child is selected;
  3. the play is correct. Given (1) and (2), this holds exactly when the second tree has as many selected leaves as the first tree (outside) or one fewer (inside). A root with no selected child is allowed and has no selected leaf below it.

Proof. The Builder can always continue a legal play with sufficiently large moves, and σ\sigma wins every such continuation. A larger set at an unselected node xx makes Δx≠Δx(D)={M}\Delta_x\ne\Delta_x(D)=\{M\} in every continuation. A singleton at a selected nonroot node leaves no selected leaf below it, so its parent's label records a child outside G(T,D)G(T,D). There is no such parent obstruction at a root. For (3), the play builds a run of the first tree up to its next selected leaf, then a run of the second, and so on. Each selected leaf is a cell maximum exactly when the other tree still has a leaf to build after it. With tt and ss selected leaves, the t+1t+1 and s+1s+1 runs alternate from the first tree exactly when s∈{t−1,t}s\in\{t-1,t\}. By (1) and (2), the selected nodes are then the upward closure of the cell maxima, so every label equals Δx(D)\Delta_x(D). □\square

By the reconstructed finite-cover refinement, one may assume that every output of σ\sigma is inside, or that every output is outside. The searches below treat both types.

The stack criterion

In a pair's game, the tree being built holds the turn. Take three trees with selected sets for both of each tree's games. Run the following process on the unfinished trees. A tree may build its next node only when it holds the turn in both of its games. The turn in a game passes at that game's marked leaves and when a tree finishes, exactly as in Definition 18. Record who holds each game's turn as a tournament on the unfinished trees. The process deadlocks when the tournament is a 3-cycle: then no tree may move.

When the tournament is transitive, it is a linear order: the stack. The top tree builds until it reaches a marked leaf or its last leaf. With stack (t,s,f)(t,s,f):

  • a single naming ss swaps the top two, giving (s,t,f)(s,t,f);
  • a double sends tt to the bottom, giving (s,f,t)(s,f,t);
  • a single naming ff deadlocks, since then tt holds the turn over ss, ss over ff, and ff over tt;
  • the last leaf removes tt.

The process starts with stack (A,B,C)(A,B,C).

Lemma 2 (local realization and the cycle obstruction). At a transitive prefix, both games containing the top tree are ready for that tree's next node. Their actual numerical histories and prescriptions are therefore available. Any ordered merge of their two prescribed child lists can be realized with a shared maximum and sufficiently large choices in HH. Three complete legal plays sharing their trees cannot produce a cyclic turn state.

Proof. Suppose the requested selected-child counts are aa and bb. An ordered merge is a word in x,y,Dx,y,D, with aa occurrences of xx or DD and bb occurrences of yy or DD. Choose one fresh element of HH for each letter, in increasing order, and then one larger element M∈HM\in H. All these elements exceed every number already chosen and both games' current thresholds. The first label contains the x,Dx,D positions and MM; the second contains the y,Dy,D positions and MM. Thus their sizes are a+1,b+1a+1,b+1 and their maxima coincide. At a leaf choose a single common element above the same bounds. No past choice is enlarged or relabeled.

For the obstruction, give a node its leaf label or, at an internal node, the common maximum MM as its key. Within a game every key strictly increases in play order. At a cyclic state, the next nodes of the three trees would have keys u<v<w<uu<v<w<u. This is impossible. □\square

All children at positions 0,…,M0,\ldots,M must actually be built. Children absent from both selected lists have unselected subtrees, filled in tree order using singleton labels and the same fresh-number rule. A child selected in only one game still has the same full subtree in both games. The other game's labels there are singletons. Since the height is finite and every chosen maximum is finite, this recursion builds a finite tree. The number of unselected nodes can be arbitrarily large; none is discarded from either numerical history.

Fixed-shape realization. For fixed selection shapes, erase only the children selected in neither game. The remaining ordered union at each node is an ordered merge as above. Conversely, every such finite merged tree can be padded by the preceding rule. If its stack run completes with the correct pairwise cell endpoints, this gives three shared full trees for every infinite HH and every finite, history-dependent threshold rule. The last child of each internal node is unselected, so every tree has a nonempty final cell after all its selected leaves. Inserted unmarked leaves do not change which event ends a nonfinal cell. The induced partitions therefore recover exactly the prescribed selected trees and labels. Increasing labels give Definitions 11 and 13, including disjoint Full sets within each pair and the placement of the second root after the first cell. This proves the fixed-shape compression and expansion used by the finite probes; it is not a finite basis for unrestricted strategies.

For an adaptive σ\sigma, the analogous construction must read both prescriptions afresh at each actual position, including positions reached after building unselected subtrees. If a rule for the arrangements and actual numbers avoids a cycle throughout, it completes three legal plays; winningness then gives correctness and color 11. Lemma 2 guarantees local availability of the requests, not a rule that avoids every future cycle. Changing the numbers or the number of unselected children may change all later prescriptions. A schedule computed for static shapes does not control that dependence.

Lemma 3 (endgame). Once one tree has finished, the process cannot deadlock. The first tree to finish is AA in the outside type and CC in the inside type.

Proof. Suppose a remaining tree marks a leaf for the finished tree. Then that game's play has a selected leaf that is not a cell maximum. That play is legal, which contradicts Lemma 1(3). So the remaining two trees mark only each other, and swaps never deadlock. In each pair, the first tree's last run is last in the inside type and the second tree's is last in the outside type. □\square

So only the stretch before the first finish can fail. Every mark involving the first finisher must be emitted in that stretch.

Outside strategies: the spine construction

For outside strategies the forward-dependence problem disappears. The argument below works at every finite height hh in the coherent successor game, so it uses nothing special about h=3h=3.

For a tree, call the smaller of its two partners its left partner and the larger its right partner. Thus AA has left partner BB and right partner CC; BB has AA and CC; CC has AA and BB.

Theorem 5 (outside strategies). Let σ\sigma be a winning Architect strategy on an infinite HH for the coherent successor game at a finite height hh, and suppose every output of σ\sigma is outside. For every finite threshold rule there are three complete correct plays against σ\sigma, one for each pair, that share their trees A<B<CA<B<C and use only sufficiently large moves. Each prescription is used at the position where σ\sigma makes it; no later prescription is needed in advance.

Construction. Each tree is built along a spine: a path from its root to a leaf whose nodes are all selected in both of the tree's games. When a spine node vv is built, both games prescribe their counts dLd_L (left game) and dRd_R (right game). The Builder lists the selected children of vv as follows: dL−1d_L-1 children selected only in the left game; the next spine node, which is the last child selected in the left game and the first selected in the right game; then dR−1d_R-1 children selected only in the right game; then padding ending in an unselected last child. The spine ends at a leaf, which is a double. Every other selected child roots a subtree selected in one game only. It is built with that game's prescriptions, padded as in Lemma 2, and all of its marks are singles naming that game's partner.

If the common first move of σ\sigma is 00, every first tree has no marks; then no tree has marks and the three trees are simply built in order. Otherwise every spine count is at least 11: at a nonroot node by Lemma 1(2), and at a root because an outside output has as many marks in its second tree as in its first. So every mark word has the form

(singles for the left partner) D (singles for the right),(\text{singles for the left partner})\ D\ (\text{singles for the right}),

where the double DD is the last mark for the left partner and the first mark for the right partner. The selection trees themselves are not restricted: the spine identifies the rightmost path of the left game's selection tree with the leftmost path of the right game's.

Schedule and proof. Write DA,DB,DCD_A,D_B,D_C for the three doubles. The stack process runs in five stages.

  1. From (A,B,C)(A,B,C), AA and BB alternate in their game until AA builds DAD_A. Before that, both emit left singles, which name each other.
  2. The stack is (B,C,A)(B,C,A), and BB builds to DBD_B, giving (C,A,B)(C,A,B).
  3. CC and AA alternate in their game until CC builds DCD_C. Here CC emits left singles naming AA, and AA emits right singles naming CC.
  4. The stack is (A,B,C)(A,B,C), and AA has no mark left: it finishes.
  5. BB and CC alternate with right singles until BB finishes, and then CC finishes.

Every claim about the next mark follows from the alternation of an outside play, which σ\sigma guarantees in every legal continuation. In the game of AA and BB, the marks alternate a1<b1<⋯<at<bta_1<b_1<\cdots<a_t<b_t. The double DAD_A is ata_t, since AA has no later mark for BB. Exactly one mark of BB for AA remains after it, and DBD_B is the last such mark, so it is the next mark of BB; no mark of BB for CC precedes DBD_B. In the game of AA and CC, DAD_A is the first mark of AA, so the alternation continues with CC's left singles and AA's right singles. It ends with CC's last mark for AA, which is DCD_C. At that point AA has emitted all its marks, and the remaining marks of BB and CC name each other. In the game of BB and CC, DBD_B and DCD_C are the first marks of the two trees, and stage 5 is the rest of that alternation.

In each pair the global construction order restricted to the two trees is that pair's play order: a tree builds only while it holds the turn in both of its games, and the third tree's moves belong to neither game of the pair. The finishing order A,B,CA,B,C is the outside order of Lemma 3, and every last cell follows the partner's last mark. Choosing every new element of HH above all earlier numbers and all three games' current thresholds makes every move sufficiently large. The padding argument of Lemma 2 makes each pair good and recovers the prescribed labels. Hence the three plays are complete, legal and correct, and all three outputs have color 11. □\square

Consequence. Use the source interface S proved on the companion page and the equal-block normalization. In the Architect case, the finite-cover refinement gives an infinite subset on which the Architect wins with all outputs inside or with all outputs outside. In the outside case Theorem 5 gives a color-11 triangle. Thus the positive relation Ω3→(Ω3,3)2\Omega_3\to(\Omega_3,3)^2 is reduced to the inside case of G. The reduction is the same at every finite height. In particular, at any finite height, a coloring without a color-11 triangle has no infinite set on which the Architect wins with all outputs outside. Such colorings exist at height 44 by Schipperus's Theorem 33, and all three printed negative patterns are indeed of inside type: their first trees have one more cell than their second trees.

For inside strategies the same spine construction deadlocks. With the same words, BB emits DBD_B before AA emits DAD_A, since DBD_B is now the last mark of BB for AA. After DAD_A the stack is (C,B,A)(C,B,A). If CC starts with singles naming AA it deadlocks at once. If CC is built with left partner BB instead, the game of BB and CC ends with CC's double while BB still owes its last single naming CC, and the stack (B,A,C)(B,A,C) then deadlocks. The inside case therefore needs a different idea.

Inside strategies: two classes with online templates

Two further classes of inside strategies have online constructions. In a selection tree with at least two leaves, the top split is the highest node with at least two selected children. Call an inside output top-first if the first two selected leaves of its first tree have their lowest common ancestor at that tree's top split, and top-last if its last two selected leaves do. Otherwise call it middle. A first tree with one selected leaf counts as top-first. Under the level reading recorded on the pattern-level page, top-first means λ1=max⁡λ\lambda_1=\max\lambda and top-last means λt−1=max⁡λ\lambda_{t-1}=\max\lambda, where λ\lambda is the word of levels of consecutive selected leaves.

Before its first mark, a first tree can keep its two games' histories identical by giving each node the same label in both games. Then σ\sigma prescribes the same counts in both, and the two games reach their top split at the same node.

Proposition 6 (top-first). If every output of σ\sigma is inside and top-first, the conclusion of Theorem 5 holds.

Proof. Build AA with identical labels in its two games down to the common top split vv. Below vv in the first child both games have count 11, since the first selected leaf is alone in that child of a top-first output. At vv, list the first child, then the children selected only for CC, then those selected only for BB. Thus the mark word of AA is D C∗B∗D\,C^*B^*. Build BB and CC along mirror spines: at each spine node, the children selected only for the right partner come first, then the spine child, then the children selected only for the left partner. Their words are C∗DBA∗C^*D_BA^* and B∗DCA∗B^*D_CA^*, and the double is the last mark for the right partner and the first for the left one. The stack process runs as follows. AA emits DD, giving (B,C,A)(B,C,A). Then BB and CC alternate until CC emits DCD_C and BB emits DBD_B, giving (A,C,B)(A,C,B). Next AA and CC alternate until AA emits its last single naming CC, and CC finishes. Finally AA and BB alternate, BB finishes, and then AA finishes. Each step is forced by the inside alternation of the relevant game, exactly as in the proof of Theorem 5. If AA has a single mark for BB, inside alternation forces a single mark for CC as well, and the run reduces to AA emitting DD while BB and CC play out their game. □\square

Proposition 7 (top-last). If every output of σ\sigma is inside and top-last, the conclusion of Theorem 5 holds.

Proof. Build AA with identical labels down to the common top split zz. At zz, list the children selected only for BB, then a child pp selected in both games, then the children selected only for CC, then a child qq selected in both games. Here pp is the second-to-last child selected for BB and the first selected for CC, and qq is the last for both. Below zz, build the subtree of pp along an outside spine with left partner BB. In the subtree of qq the game with BB has count 11 everywhere, because the last selected leaf of a top-last first tree is alone in the last child of its top split. Build qq's subtree along the rightmost path of the game with CC, with the children selected only for CC on its left. The mark word of AA is B∗DAC∗D′B^*D_AC^*D', where DAD_A is the first mark for CC and D′D' the last mark for both partners. Build BB and CC along outside spines, with words A∗DBC∗A^*D_BC^* and A∗DCB∗A^*D_CB^*. The run is as follows. AA and BB alternate until AA emits DAD_A, and then BB emits DBD_B, giving (C,A,B)(C,A,B). Next CC and AA alternate until CC emits DCD_C, giving (A,B,C)(A,B,C). Then AA emits D′D', giving (B,C,A)(B,C,A). Finally BB and CC alternate until BB emits its last single, and CC, BB and AA finish in that order. Every step is forced by the inside alternations. If the game of BB and CC has a single mark of BB, then CC has no mark for BB, and DCD_C is a single naming AA. □\square

Reduction. The finite-cover refinement applies to the finite cover of all pairs by the outside pairs, the inside top-first pairs, the inside top-last pairs, the inside middle pairs, and the remaining pairs, which are not good or have equal block types. In the Architect case some class carries a winning strategy, and only the last two classes are not covered. Correct plays output good pairs, and pairs of equal block type have color 00 after normalization, so the remaining class carries no winning strategy. Theorem 5 and Propositions 6 and 7 therefore reduce G at height 33 to middle strategies: winning strategies all of whose outputs are inside and middle. The reduction holds at every finite height.

At height 33 a middle first tree has top split level 22 or 33, and the first and last children of its top split each contain at least two selected leaves. Under the level reading, the printed patterns behave consistently with this reduction. The two-summand pattern of Theorem 31 is top-first; it has triangles, as Proposition 6 predicts, and excludes only six-cliques. The three-summand pattern of Theorem 32 and the triangle-free four-summand pattern of Theorem 33 are middle patterns.

The middle class

Middle strategies remain open. This section records what holds for them in the word formulation of the fixed-shape realization: each tree's mark word over three letters, with a separator level between consecutive letters, such that the two projections recover the two selection shapes. A projection keeps the letters for one partner, and the level between two kept letters is the largest separator level between them. Given the words, levels exist exactly when every stretch of each projection contains a separator whose two covering stretch levels are both at least its own level. Separators outside the other projection's span count as covered.

Lemma 8 (the second tree is not a spine). Fix an inside pair of shapes (X,Y)(X,Y) with XX middle. Thus the three trees carry (X,X)(X,X), (Y,X)(Y,X) and (Y,Y)(Y,Y) respectively. No completing schedule gives BB a word of the form A∗D C∗A^*D\,C^* or C∗D A∗C^*D\,A^*.

Proof. Following the stack process from (A,B,C)(A,B,C) with such a word for BB forces the word of AA to be one of D C∗B∗D\,C^*B^*, D C∗D B∗D\,C^*D\,B^*, B∗D C∗DB^*D\,C^*D and B∗C∗DB^*C^*D. Write ℓ\ell for the top split level of XX. In the first two forms, the span of AA's projection for CC lies between the first two marks for BB; in the last two it lies between the last two marks for BB. The projection for CC has shape XX, so its span needs a separator of level ℓ\ell. The two bounding marks for BB have common ancestor below level ℓ\ell, since XX is middle. Their stretch cannot contain such a separator. Thus no separator levels exist. □\square

These two spine words cannot handle a fixed middle pair. The following template uses a different second-tree word, with singles of one kind on both sides of its double.

Proposition 9 (two children at the top split). Let the fixed shapes be an inside pair (X,Y)(X,Y) with XX middle, whose top split has exactly two children FF and LL. Let f=∣F∣−1f=|F|-1 and let μ\mu be the level word of YY. If μf\mu_f or μf+1\mu_{f+1} is at least the top level of XX, the pair has a triangle schedule.

Proof. Let t=∣X∣t=|X|, so ∣F∣+∣L∣=t|F|+|L|=t. Take for AA the word

A: BfD1Ct−2D2B∣L∣−1.A:\ B^fD_1C^{t-2}D_2B^{|L|-1}.

Here D1D_1 is the last leaf of FF for BB and the first leaf for CC, and D2D_2 is the first leaf of LL for BB and the last for CC. Merge FF along an outside spine and LL along a mirror spine. The run of singles naming CC then lies in the stretch from D1D_1 to D2D_2 for BB, which crosses the top split and has the top level, and the other runs lie outside the span of the other projection. So AA has separator levels for all shapes. There are two forms for BB and CC.

  1. If μf+1\mu_{f+1} is at least the top level, take B: AfDBCt−1A∣L∣−1B:\ A^fD_BC^{t-1}A^{|L|-1} and the outside spine C: At−2DCBt−2C:\ A^{t-2}D_CB^{t-2}. The run: AA and BB alternate with ff singles each; AA emits D1D_1 and BB emits DBD_B; CC and AA alternate until CC emits DCD_C; AA emits D2D_2; BB and CC alternate until CC finishes; BB and AA alternate; BB and then AA finish.
  2. If μf\mu_f is at least the top level, take B: AfCt−1DBA∣L∣−1B:\ A^fC^{t-1}D_BA^{|L|-1} and the mirror spine C: Bt−2DCAt−2C:\ B^{t-2}D_CA^{t-2}. The run: AA and BB alternate with ff singles each; AA emits D1D_1; BB and CC alternate until CC emits DCD_C and BB emits DBD_B; AA and CC alternate until AA emits D2D_2; CC finishes; BB and AA alternate; BB and then AA finish.

In both forms the double of BB is the (f+1)(f+1)-th leaf of YY. Its run of singles naming CC contains every level of XX and lies in the stretch of YY after or before that leaf, of level μf+1\mu_{f+1} or μf\mu_f; this is where the condition is used. The word of CC is a spine. Both runs were checked against the three inside alternations. □\square

Theorem 32's pattern under the selection-shape reading is the case X=(1,2,1)X=(1,2,1), Y=(3,3)Y=(3,3), f=1f=1, μ2=3\mu_2=3, with the triangle recorded on the pattern-level page.

Proposition 10 (flat second shape). Let XX be middle, with exactly two children FF and LL at its top split, each a single block of x1,x2≥2x_1,x_2\ge2 leaves, and let YY have all its leaves in one block. Then the pair has a triangle schedule.

Proof. Take the words

A: D Cx1−1Bx1−1∣C C (B C)x2−2B B,B: Cx1∣DBAx1−2Dx2−1A,C: Bx1−1DCAx1−2D A Dx2−2,\begin{aligned} A&:\ D\,C^{x_1-1}B^{x_1-1}\mid C\,C\,(B\,C)^{x_2-2}B\,B,\\ B&:\ C^{x_1}\mid D_BA^{x_1-2}D^{x_2-1}A,\\ C&:\ B^{x_1-1}D_CA^{x_1-2}D\,A\,D^{x_2-2}, \end{aligned}

where the bar marks the separator of the top level and every other separator has level 11. The two projections of AA split as (x1,x2)(x_1,x_2) at the bar. The marks of BB for CC split as (x1,x2)(x_1,x_2) at the bar, and its marks for AA all follow it. Both projections of CC lie in one block. The run: AA emits DD; BB and CC alternate, BB with x1x_1 singles, until CC emits DCD_C and BB emits DBD_B; AA and CC alternate until CC's double hands the turn to BB; AA and BB alternate until BB's double hands it back. In the second block each double of BB or CC switches AA to the other partner, CC finishes after AA's last single naming CC, and BB and then AA finish. The case x1=3x_1=3, x2=2x_2=2 was replayed in full against the three inside alternations, and the general case follows the same counts. □\square

The case x1=x2=2x_1=x_2=2 is the hand-checked schedule

A: D C B C C B B,B: C C D D A,C: B D D A.A:\ D\,C\,B\,C\,C\,B\,B,\qquad B:\ C\,C\,D\,D\,A,\qquad C:\ B\,D\,D\,A.

At height three the proposition covers the shapes with top level 22 and those with top level 33 whose two top children are single blocks.

Proposition 11 (first child a block). Let (X,Y)(X,Y) be an inside pair with XX middle, and suppose the first child FF of the top split of XX has all its selected leaves in one block. If μj≤λt−1\mu_j\le\lambda_{t-1} for every j<∣F∣j<|F|, the pair has a triangle schedule:

A: D B∣F∣−1Ct−1Bt−∣F∣,B: Ct−1A∣F∣−1DBAt−∣F∣−1,C: Bt−2DCAt−2.\begin{aligned} A&:\ D\,B^{|F|-1}C^{t-1}B^{t-|F|},\\ B&:\ C^{t-1}A^{|F|-1}D_BA^{t-|F|-1},\\ C&:\ B^{t-2}D_CA^{t-2}. \end{aligned}

Proof. At the top split of AA list FF, then the children selected only for CC, then those selected only for BB; inside the block FF list DD, then the other leaves selected for BB, then those selected for CC. The run of singles naming BB after DD stays inside FF, where every level is 11, and the run naming CC crosses the top split inside the stretch of BB's projection from the last leaf of FF, which has the top level. In BB the run of singles naming AA before DBD_B lies in the last stretch of the projection for CC, which needs μj≤λt−1\mu_j\le\lambda_{t-1}; everything else lies outside the other projection's span. CC is a mirror spine. The run: AA emits DD; BB and CC alternate, BB with t−1t-1 singles, until CC emits DCD_C; BB emits its first single naming AA; AA and BB alternate through the leaves of FF until BB emits DBD_B; AA and CC alternate until AA's last single naming CC, and CC finishes; AA and BB alternate, and BB and then AA finish. □\square

Its mirror image also holds. If the last child LL of the top split has all its selected leaves in one block and μj≤λ1\mu_j\le\lambda_1 for every j≥t−∣L∣j\ge t-|L|, the words

A: Bt−∣L∣Ct−1B∣L∣−1D,B: At−∣L∣−1DBA∣L∣−1Ct−1,C: At−2DCBt−2A:\ B^{t-|L|}C^{t-1}B^{|L|-1}D,\qquad B:\ A^{t-|L|-1}D_BA^{|L|-1}C^{t-1},\qquad C:\ A^{t-2}D_CB^{t-2}

complete. Here AA alternates with BB until BB's double switches it to CC, alternates with CC until CC's double switches it back, and ends with its double; BB and CC then alternate until CC finishes.

Proposition 12 (two block children, peak at the boundary). Let (X,Y)(X,Y) be an inside pair with XX middle, with exactly two children at its top split, single blocks of x1,x2≥2x_1,x_2\ge2 leaves, and let ℓ\ell be the top level of XX. If μx1=max⁡μ\mu_{x_1}=\max\mu and μj≤ℓ\mu_j\le\ell for every j<x1j<x_1, the words

A: D Bx1−1Ct−2D′Bx2−1,B: Cx1Ax1−1DBCx2−1Ax2−1,C: Bx1−1DCAt−3DC′Bx2−2\begin{aligned} A&:\ D\,B^{x_1-1}C^{t-2}D'B^{x_2-1},\\ B&:\ C^{x_1}A^{x_1-1}D_BC^{x_2-1}A^{x_2-1},\\ C&:\ B^{x_1-1}D_{C}A^{t-3}D'_{C}B^{x_2-2} \end{aligned}

complete. In AA, DD is the first leaf of both projections, and D′D' is the last leaf of the second block for CC and its first leaf for BB, so the second block is merged along a mirror spine. In BB the run of singles naming AA before DBD_B lies in the stretch of top level of the projection for CC, and the singles naming CC after DBD_B lie inside its second block. In CC the run of singles naming AA fills the stretch of the projection for BB at position x1x_1, which is where μx1=max⁡μ\mu_{x_1}=\max\mu is used. The run: AA emits DD; BB and CC alternate, BB with x1x_1 singles, until CC emits DCD_C; BB and AA alternate until BB emits DBD_B; AA and CC alternate until CC emits DC′D'_C; AA emits D′D'; BB and CC alternate until CC finishes; BB and AA alternate, and BB and then AA finish. For X=(1,3,1)X=(1,3,1) and Y=(2,2)Y=(2,2), which Propositions 9 to 11 miss, the words are

A: D B C C D B,B: C C A D C A,C: B D A D,A:\ D\,B\,C\,C\,D\,B,\qquad B:\ C\,C\,A\,D\,C\,A,\qquad C:\ B\,D\,A\,D,

replayed in full with separator levels (1,1,3,1,1)(1,1,3,1,1), (1,3,2,1,2)(1,3,2,1,2) and (2,2,2)(2,2,2).

For two top children that are single blocks, Propositions 9 to 12 and the mirror image of 11 leave open the second shapes YY that have a non-sibling pair among their first x1x_1 and among their last x2x_2 leaves, whose level at position x1x_1 is not their maximum, and, when d=2d=2, whose levels μx1−1\mu_{x_1-1} and μx1\mu_{x_1} are below the top level of XX. The pair X=(1,1,3,1)X=(1,1,3,1) with Y=(3,1,2)Y=(3,1,2) has five leaves in XX and is not covered by these templates. The retained census includes it, but its existence assertion is not an online construction. The other five-leaf pair X=(1,3,1,1)X=(1,3,1,1), Y=(2,1,2)Y=(2,1,2) has the explicit schedule below.

For that latter pair, take

A: D D C C C B B B,B: C C A C C D A A,C: B D B D A A.\begin{aligned} A&:\ D\,D\,C\,C\,C\,B\,B\,B,\\ B&:\ C\,C\,A\,C\,C\,D\,A\,A,\\ C&:\ B\,D\,B\,D\,A\,A. \end{aligned}

Their separator words are respectively (1,3,1,1,1,1,1)(1,3,1,1,1,1,1), (1,3,2,1,1,1,2)(1,3,2,1,1,1,2) and (2,1,2,1,2)(2,1,2,1,2). Projection gives X,XX,X in AA, Y,XY,X in BB and Y,YY,Y in CC. The full marked-event order is

AD, BC, CB, BC, CD, BA, AD,BC, CB, BC, CD, BD,AC, CA, AC, CA, AC, finish⁡(C),AB, BA, AB, BA, AB, finish⁡(B), finish⁡(A).\begin{gathered} A_D,\ B_C,\ C_B,\ B_C,\ C_D,\ B_A,\ A_D,\\ B_C,\ C_B,\ B_C,\ C_D,\ B_D,\\ A_C,\ C_A,\ A_C,\ C_A,\ A_C,\ \operatorname{finish}(C),\\ A_B,\ B_A,\ A_B,\ B_A,\ A_B,\ \operatorname{finish}(B), \ \operatorname{finish}(A). \end{gathered}

Every single names the second tree of the stack. Doubles rotate it; the finishing order is C,B,AC,B,A. This is a direct fixed-shape construction and uses no numerical search. Its prescriptions are fixed in advance, so it supplies no missing adaptive uniformity.

Proposition 11 is online in a class that Corollary 2 can select: all outputs inside and middle, with the first top child of the first tree a single block, its last two selected leaves siblings, and the first ∣F∣|F| selected leaves of the second tree siblings. The block FF of AA is built before the second tree starts, so its count ∣F∣|F| is known when BB builds the block that holds its first marks for AA. In BB that block is reached along a mirror spine, and DBD_B is placed at the ∣F∣|F|-th mark there.

Propositions 9 and 10 are not shown to be online. In each, a double of BB answers a double of AA, and its position among the marks of BB for AA depends on counts that are prescribed after the node of BB fixing that position is built: at the root of BB in Proposition 9, the double's place among the root's children depends on ∣F∣|F| and on the counts of YY below the root, and at the block of BB in Proposition 10 it depends on the size of the block LL of AA. Theorem 5, Propositions 6 and 7 and Proposition 11 in its class avoid this: each double is the first or last mark of a game, or sits at a position fixed by counts that are already prescribed when the deciding node is built.

A structural observation organizes the open fixed-shape cases. If every level of YY is below the top level ℓ\ell of XX, then each top-level stretch of the projection of BB for CC must contain a separator outside the span of BB's marks for AA. So all marks of BB for AA lie in the region of a single child of the top split of XX: the leaves of the earlier children are singles naming CC before them, and those of the later children are singles naming CC after them. Inside that region the merge is a problem of height h−1h-1, between that child and YY, with boundary conditions set by the run. A proof of the fixed-shape middle case at height three could therefore go through a lemma on such height-two sub-schedules. At height four the corresponding sub-problem has height three and may contain middle shapes, which is consistent with the failure that Theorem 33 records.

Height two is a testbed for these cases. There the relation is known, by Darby's theorem and Schipperus's Theorem 28, but the reduction above leaves the same middle class, and the templates here do not cover it: the analogue of the open pairs is XX with two blocks of three leaves and YY with blocks of sizes 1,3,11,3,1. A construction of middle schedules at height two, fixed-shape and then online, would test whether the game method reaches the known case before it is pushed to height three.

The fixed-shape question decides the reach of the pattern method. If every inside middle pair at height three has a triangle schedule, then every coloring for which some fixed-shape strategy wins has a color-11 triangle, and a negative answer would need a coloring for which no fixed-shape strategy wins. If some middle pair has no schedule, its pattern coloring under the selection-shape reading is triangle-free, and a negative answer would follow from its unavoidability in every subset of full order type.

A game-local obstruction to synchronizing the first tree

Consider the proposed mechanism that keeps GB(A)=GC(A)G_B(A)=G_C(A): every marked leaf of AA is a double. It allows arbitrary arrangements in BB and CC, arbitrary full child counts, and arbitrarily large numerical choices. It still fails for the following fixed strategy at height three.

Write ⟨⋅⟩\langle\cdot\rangle for a selected internal node and ∙\bullet for a selected leaf. Specify the two selection shapes

X=⟨⟨⟨∙,∙,∙⟩⟩⟩,Y=⟨⟨⟨∙⟩,⟨∙⟩⟩⟩.(1)X=\langle\langle\langle\bullet,\bullet,\bullet\rangle\rangle\rangle, \qquad Y=\langle\langle\langle\bullet\rangle, \langle\bullet\rangle\rangle\rangle. \tag{1}

The first tree in each game has shape XX, and the second has shape YY. Thus the prescribed selected-child counts are

rolerootselected depth-one nodeselected depth-two nodes
first111133
second112211 each

Every unselected internal node has count 00. The sizes given to the Builder are these counts plus one. This defines a single strategy σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} on actual numerical histories: it reads the tree's role and its position in the selected tree, and ignores numerical labels and unselected nodes. It does not inspect either of the other games.

Every legal completion is correct and inside: there are three selected leaves in its first tree and two in its second, with a nonempty final cell in each. To witness the word winning, define an auxiliary coloring on all pairs in W3W_3: it is 11 precisely on pairs that are outputs of a legal complete play against σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y}, and 00 otherwise. Equivalently, compute a pair's induced partitions and their labels and check whether they form such a play. Then σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} wins every legal play, on every infinite HH, without a lower-threshold restriction. Every output has unequal root lengths, so this coloring is normalized. It has the triangle constructed below and is not proposed as a negative partition coloring.

Obstruction. No three correct complete plays against σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} can share their output trees while every selected leaf of AA is common to its two games.

Proof. Suppose such plays exist. Let a1<a2<a3a_1<a_2<a_3 be the common selected leaves of AA, let b1<b2b_1<b_2 be the selected leaves of BB relative to AA, and let c1<c2c_1<c_2 be those of CC relative to AA. Correct inside alternation gives

a1<b1<a2<b2<a3,a1<c1<a2<c2<a3.a_1<b_1<a_2<b_2<a_3,\qquad a_1<c_1<a_2<c_2<a_3.

Let p1<p2<p3p_1<p_2<p_3 be the selected leaves of BB relative to CC. We claim

p1≤b1<b2≤p3.(2)p_1\le b_1<b_2\le p_3. \tag{2}

If b1<p1b_1<p_1, the later BB leaf p1p_1 is after the second AA cell in the pair (A,B)(A,B), so a2<p1a_2<p_1. The first CC leaf is after p1p_1 in (B,C)(B,C), hence p1<c1<a2p_1<c_1<a_2, a contradiction. If p3<b2p_3<b_2, then b2b_2 is in BB's final cell relative to CC. Since (B,C)(B,C) is inside, all CC leaves precede that cell. But (A,B)(A,B) gives b2<a3b_2<a_3, and (A,C)(A,C) puts a nonempty final CC cell after a3a_3. Thus max⁡Seq⁡(C)<b2<a3<max⁡Seq⁡(C)\max\operatorname{Seq}(C)<b_2<a_3<\max\operatorname{Seq}(C), again a contradiction. This proves (2).

By shape XX, all three pip_i lie below one depth-two node of BB. By shape YY, b1b_1 and b2b_2 lie below different depth-two nodes of BB. Equal-depth subtrees have disjoint convex leaf sets. At least one bib_i therefore lies outside the entire subtree containing the pip_i, hence outside [p1,p3][p_1,p_3]. This contradicts (2). □\square

This is a symbolic obstruction for all numerical positions and all full trees, not a bounded search failure. Deleting the common initial unary level gives the same obstruction at height two, consistent with the fact that the published positive relation requires a more flexible schedule. The proof also applies for every n≥3n\ge3 when XX has nn leaves below one depth-two node and YY has n−1n-1 leaves below distinct depth-two nodes. Replace (2) by p1≤b1<⋯<bn−1≤pnp_1\le b_1<\cdots<b_{n-1}\le p_n; its endpoint proof is unchanged, and at least one bib_i lies outside the pip_i subtree.

An explicit alternative for the same strategy

The obstruction is sharp with respect to the proposed synchronization: the following schedule works against σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y}. The mark words are

A:B,D,C,D,B:A,C,D,C,C:D,D.(3)A:B,D,C,D,\qquad B:A,C,D,C,\qquad C:D,D. \tag{3}

Here DD marks the leaf for both other trees. Specify the selected union trees as follows. All three roots have exactly one child in the union of their selected sets, and it is common to both games. In AA this depth-one node has one common selected child, whose selected leaf union is B,D,C,DB,D,C,D. In BB the depth-one node has two selected children: the first is selected only for AA and has one AA-marked leaf; the second is common and has leaf union C,D,CC,D,C. In CC the depth-one node has two common selected children, each with one double leaf. Projection onto either game's selections gives exactly X,XX,X in AA, Y,XY,X in BB, and Y,YY,Y in CC. These are selected child lists; each full child list also includes all the padding required by its numerical maximum.

The complete event order, with the resulting stack, is

eventstack afterward
startA,B,CA,B,C
A:BA:BB,A,CB,A,C
B:AB:AA,B,CA,B,C
A:DA:DB,C,AB,C,A
B:CB:CC,B,AC,B,A
C:DC:DB,A,CB,A,C
B:DB:DA,C,BA,C,B
A:CA:CC,A,BC,A,B
C:DC:DA,B,CA,B,C
A:DA:DB,C,AB,C,A
B:CB:CC,B,AC,B,A
CC finishesB,AB,A
BB finishesAA
AA finishesempty

Apply Lemma 2's padding procedure to these selected unions in this event order. At each node take the maximum of both current thresholds and all earlier numbers, then choose the required fresh elements of HH. This constructs the same full child list in the two games of each tree and a common label on each leaf. Both requests are available before either label is committed. Their sizes remain those in the table because σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} ignores the numbers. All unselected subtrees are built, with their moves present in both relevant histories. The three pair projections of the table have alternating cells with respectively three and two nonfinal endpoints, so the marked paths end at the actual cell maxima. Each game is correct, follows σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} and meets its threshold at every move. Thus (3) works for every infinite HH and every finite threshold rule, although synchronizing AA does not.

The evidence retains these three selected union trees and the event table, checks both projections of each tree, and independently reconstructs the three leaf alternations. The proof above, rather than numerical sampling, establishes the obstruction and the arbitrarily large realization.

Keeping CC synchronized in (3) is specific to this example. For the next pair X=1X=1-11-44 and Y=1Y=1-33-(1,1,1)(1,1,1), exhaustive ordered merging finds a schedule, but none with CC all doubles. This is an exact finite obstruction for those fixed shapes, using the proved compression rule, and is checked by the evidence program. Thus the displayed schedule does not extend to that pair merely by lengthening its runs while keeping CC synchronized. No universal obstruction for synchronizing CC is inferred from a leaf-count bound.

Phases and run matching

Before the first finish, between doubles two trees play ping-pong with swaps while the third waits at the bottom. Suppose tt emits a single naming ss. Then ss must answer with a single naming tt or with a double. After the double the stack is (t,f,s)(t,f,s), so tt's next mark may not be a single naming ss. A phase therefore ends only when one side emits a double as the other side's run of singles runs out. More precisely, if the phase starts with top tt and second ss, the numbers of singles emitted before its ending double are equal when tt emits the double, and differ by one in favor of tt when ss emits it. These endpoint conditions, not unconditional equality of the two run lengths, must be matched.

A selected node can be rigid or flexible. A node selected in one game only is rigid: every marked leaf below it is a single naming the same tree. The number of those leaves is fixed by σ\sigma at the nodes below, each when it is built. A node selected in both games is flexible: the policy chooses how its two selected child lists interleave and which children they share. These are order-preserving matchings, counted by Delannoy numbers. At a flexible node of depth two, any word with the prescribed numbers of marks for each tree can be realized. When the prescriptions differ at a flexible node of depth zero or one, rigid children are unavoidable.

Calibration at height one. Here a tree's root is its only internal node. With m=q(∅)m=q(\emptyset), Lemma 1 forces every count. AA has mm marks for each of BB and CC, and BB has mm marks for CC. Each second tree's count is mm (outside) or m−1m-1 (inside). For the outside type, all doubles gives the rotation (A,B,C)→(B,C,A)→(C,A,B)→⋯(A,B,C)\to(B,C,A)\to(C,A,B)\to\cdots, which completes. For the inside type, use the one-summand diagram on printed p. 1210: A=D Cm−1Bm−1A=D\,C^{m-1}B^{m-1}, B=Cm−1D Am−2B=C^{m-1}D\,A^{m-2}, C=Bm−2D Am−2C=B^{m-2}D\,A^{m-2}. Here DD is a double, XrX^r is rr singles naming XX, and m≥2m\ge2. Its run completes. For m=1m=1, use A=DA=D, B=CB=C, and an empty word for CC. For m=0m=0, only the outside case is possible: there are no marks and the trees finish in order A,B,CA,B,C. These statements concern the consistent successor game specified above; they do not reconstruct the source's limit-ordinal proof.

The printed pattern does not transplant. The inside diagram gives AA the word shape D C∗B∗D\,C^*B^*: one double, then all singles naming CC, then all naming BB. Suppose σ\sigma selects at least two children at AA's root and at least two at the depth-one node above AA's first marked leaf in the game (A,B)(A,B). Then no arrangement gives AA that shape. That first leaf ℓ\ell is a double, so its ancestors x0,x1,x2x_0,x_1,x_2 are selected in both games. The second (A,B)(A,B)-selected child of x1x_1 comes after x2x_2, and its leaves carry a BB-mark. A second (A,C)(A,C)-selected child of x0x_0 comes after x1x_1, and its leaves carry a CC-mark. Neither mark may be a second double, so a single naming BB precedes a single naming CC. The printed schedules separate the two games' splitting by ladder levels below limit nodes. At height three every node is a successor node at which the Architect prescribes, so that separation is not available. This rules out only that schedule. The fixed-shape search below meets the hypothesis with an inside pair whose first-tree shape has a root with two children: the first has two children, the second one, and each depth-two node has one leaf. It finds a schedule for that pair.

Computations

The computations are in the evidence folder, whose program states its ranges and limits.

Fixed-shape strategies. Let XX and YY be ordered trees of height hh whose leaves all have depth hh. Suppose σ\sigma selects the shape XX whenever it moves first in a game and YY whenever it moves second. It reads each count off the node's place in the selected tree and ignores the numbers. Provided YY has as many leaves as XX or one fewer, this is a winning strategy for the colouring that is 11 exactly on its outputs. That colouring is normalized, since every output pair has unequal root counts. Then AA carries (X,X)(X,X), BB carries (Y,X)(Y,X) and CC carries (Y,Y)(Y,Y), and the policies are exactly the merged mark words. The search is therefore exhaustive for these strategies. It covers every pair with degrees at most dd and at most LL leaves: h=1h=1 (d=L=6d=L=6), h=2h=2 (d=4d=4, L=6L=6) and h=3h=3 (d=3d=3, L=6L=6; 33,278 pairs). It finds a deadlock-free schedule for every pair, and an independent replay of the three games checks each schedule.

Proposition 4 (erasing numerical and unselected history). Suppose σ\sigma's prescription depends only on its own game's history after erasing all numerical labels, full child positions and unselected nodes. The retained history records the two tree roles, the ordered selected nodes and their ordinal labels and counts. In particular, a prescription cannot count the erased filler moves. Then the first tree's selection tree is one fixed shape XX and the second tree's is one fixed shape YY, whatever the Builder does. So σ\sigma acts as the fixed-shape strategy for (X,Y)(X,Y).

Proof. Within a game, the next selected node to be built is determined by the selection trees built so far, because play follows tree order and switches at selected leaves. Unselected nodes receive one-element prescriptions by Lemma 1 and add nothing to the selection structure. By induction, the game's whole selection structure is a function of σ\sigma alone. All three games start from the empty history, so they produce the same pair. □\square

Call such a strategy number-blind here. The fixed-shape search covers every such strategy whose shapes lie in its range. A strategy outside this checked class may read numerical labels, positions or filler histories, or may have fixed shapes outside the range. Nothing in Proposition 4 makes an arbitrary strategy invariant under this erasure.

One example shows that selections shared between games are needed. Take the inside pair with XX the path 11-11-22 (two leaves) and YY the path 11-11-11. The schedule A:D, B:C, C:D, B:D, A:DA{:}D,\ B{:}C,\ C{:}D,\ B{:}D,\ A{:}D, followed by the finishes of CC, BB, AA, completes. Every schedule for this pair gives AA a double. Here A:DA{:}D means that AA emits a double, and B:CB{:}C that BB emits a single naming CC.

A finite adversary model with a coarse completion test. A separate probe lets an adversary see all three games and choose counts from 11 to KK at every selected internal node, including the roots. Thus it excludes empty root selections. The Builder chooses an ordered merge after each pair of counts. The probe equates AA's two root counts and BB's first-tree root count, and equates AA's counts while its initial selections have remained common. These are only some of the equalities that an actual strategy must respect.

The completion filter is deliberately weaker than correctness. A pending selected subtree contributes at least one eventual leaf. An unexpanded internal node is treated as allowing further growth without computing its KK-dependent upper bound. A pair is rejected if its two closed totals are wrong, or if a closed total is already smaller than the other side's required minimum. The probe does not prove that a surviving prefix extends to a correct play with the bound KK, much less to one game-local winning strategy. It awards an adversary win upon a cycle, and Builder survival when no admissible adversary move remains or a mark names a finished tree. Exhaustive evaluation of this precisely defined finite process gives:

heightKKoutsideinside
13Builder survivesBuilder survives
22Builder survivesBuilder survives
23Builder survivesadversary wins
32Builder survivesadversary wins

For a concrete locality issue, compare root merges BBCCBBCC and BCDBCD in AA, with counts (2,2)(2,2). The two BB-selected positions and the maximum can be identical in both arrangements. Before the first BB-selected child is built, the histories of (A,B)(A,B) can therefore be identical. The global-state adversary is nevertheless permitted to give different counts there, whereas a real σ\sigma must give the same count. The model also omits all numerical and unselected-node histories.

The inside loss at height two, where Theorem 28 is published, is a warning against using this model to decide the source interface. No winning game-local strategy or valid source-game counterexample is extracted. In particular, the table does not establish that every universal schedule must exploit a particular locality argument: its coarse completion test is an additional discrepancy. The exact obstruction proved above for σX,Y\sigma_{X,Y} does not rely on this model.

The conditional bridge and the open gap

The held route has these links.

  • Normalization (author-recorded). Equal-block pairs may be assumed to have colour 00. This is author-recorded on the interface page, using Theorem 27 at statement depth.
  • Source interface S (author-recorded). The finite-height reconstruction proves the dichotomy and finite-cover refinement for the coherent zero-based game by well-founded fusion and Nash-Williams, the latter an external statement-depth premise. It constructs the full-type color-00 family in the universal-Builder case by fresh-label stages, coarsening, and a finite-height freedom argument. Normalization is an explicit hypothesis of this Builder implication. The proof includes complete numerical and filler histories and gives a separate finite threshold for each current history and prescription. It does not extend the source interface to limit nodes. The local scheduling constructions themselves do not require S.
  • Local realization and fixed shapes. Lemmas 1--3 and Proposition 4 above are author-recorded. They give a finite model for a specified fixed-shape strategy, and a local extension rule for actual adaptive histories; they do not identify the two settings.
  • Gap G. For every winning Architect strategy σ\sigma on an infinite HH at height three, and every prescribed finite lower-threshold rule, construct three complete correct plays sharing the same three trees. A sufficient construction chooses actual numerical moves and child merges at the available histories while avoiding a cycle. This is the interface's unresolved three-game step.
  • Reduction of G (author-recorded). Theorem 5 and Propositions 6 and 7 construct the three plays, online and for actual histories, when all outputs are outside, inside top-first, or inside top-last. By Corollary 2 the remaining obligation is G-mid: the same construction for middle strategies.

Suppose a normalized colouring has no colour-11 triangle, and assume G. Apply the author-recorded source interface S. In the Architect case, G gives three legal plays with shared trees, and their three outputs have colour 11. This contradicts the assumption, so the Builder case holds. Together with the author-recorded normalization, this proves Ω3→(Ω3,3)2\Omega_3\to(\Omega_3,3)^2 conditional on G, and the finite-cover reduction leaves G-mid as its open sufficient premise.

G splits into two parts along Proposition 4. Both parts are now proved outside the middle class, and both remain open inside it.

  • G1 (fixed shapes). Every pair of height-three shapes (X,Y)(X,Y), with YY having as many leaves as XX or one fewer, admits a deadlock-free schedule. This is a finite combinatorial statement about merging ordered trees. It is checked for degrees at most 33 and at most 66 leaves, and it is open in general. A proof would settle the number-blind class through Proposition 4 and the fixed-shape realization argument. The empty first-shape case is already handled by concatenating the three unmarked trees.
  • G2 (actual histories). Strategies may read numerical labels, full child positions and all unselected-node moves. A new argument must handle their changing prescriptions without replacing them by counts chosen with knowledge of the other games. No canonization or uniform control of this dependence is proved here. A Ramsey reduction for two colors does not by itself make unbounded integer prescriptions constant on an infinite set.

The retained tools are these.

  • Identical histories. While AA's initial selections and all numerical labels are common, its two histories and prescriptions agree.
  • Last-node forcing. If every other selected-leaf count is determined and a single label-11 node is the only unresolved source of leaves, its count is fixed by Lemma 1(3). This does not determine a higher node's child count while its descendants' counts remain open.
  • The endgame. After the first finish nothing can fail.
  • Flexible depth-two nodes. Once both counts are known, they realize any ordered merge of those two prescribed leaf lists.

The difficult configuration is a rigid region whose eventual number of marks is not known when an earlier shared child list is committed. Game locality alone does not reveal that count before the numerical history on which it depends exists. Lemma 2 resolves the current node's two requests, but does not solve this forward-dependence problem.

A failure of three-output existence for fixed σ,H\sigma,H and a specified threshold rule would give a triangle-free graph of outputs obeying those restrictions. Correct pair outputs determine their labels from their induced partitions, so a triangle in that graph would itself supply three coherent plays. This does not give a negative partition coloring on W3W_3. In fact the fixed-prefix obstruction shows that every graph supported on disjoint leaf sets has a full-order-type independent set on unrestricted W3W_3. A negative construction must instead specify a full-type host and prove that every full-type subset of that host contains a color-11 pair.

Exact three-summand extension and obstruction

For the full countable target put

γ=ωξ1+ωξ2+ωξ3<ω1,ξ1≥ξ2≥ξ3≥0,bi=∑j=1iωξj,b0=0.\gamma=\omega^{\xi_1}+\omega^{\xi_2}+\omega^{\xi_3}<\omega_1, \qquad \xi_1\ge\xi_2\ge\xi_3\ge0, \qquad b_i=\sum_{j=1}^i\omega^{\xi_j},\quad b_0=0.

Use a collapsible nested ladder on [0,γ][0,\gamma] as in Definitions 4 and 14, respecting these partial-sum boundaries. At a limit boundary bib_i take bi(0)=bi−1b_i(0)=b_{i-1}, as in the remark after Theorem 12. Here bi−1b_{i-1} is zero or a limit: an infinite summand can only follow other infinite summands in the displayed non-increasing decomposition. When bib_i is a successor there is no ladder value bi(0)b_i(0) to prescribe; the ancestral step is the ordinary predecessor step instead.

The missing replacement for Lemma 26 is this implication: for a normalized coloring on this WγW_\gamma, an Architect win on an infinite HH, with history-dependent sufficiently-large bounds, implies a color-11 triangle. Here normalized means color 00 on equal block types in Definition 12: equal root length at a successor root, and equal root-child ladder index at a limit root. A sufficient stronger construction uses the same winning strategy in three correct complete plays sharing T1<T2<T3T_1<T_2<T_3. It has to satisfy all of the following simultaneously.

  • At every shared successor node, the two maxima give the same full child list, including all unselected children; the two selected lists have the sizes actually prescribed at their respective histories.
  • At every shared limit node, the common maximum gives the same ordinal-labeled child. The two sets δ\delta specify splitting intervals in that same descendant tree; they are not lists of immediate children that can simply be interleaved.
  • The Architect moves at each compulsory partial sum bib_i and at the optional lower nodes allowed by Definition 19. The collapsing maps fn,mαf^\alpha_{n,m} determining those moves must have compatible domains, images, and compositions in the shared tree, with the nested and commuting properties of Definition 14 retained.
  • Leaf labels agree between the two games of each tree. The chronology in each pair is legal, its marked leaves are its true induced cell maxima, every label is sufficiently large, and the construction terminates. These requirements cover both inside and outside outputs, unless a justified finite-cover refinement removes a class.

The general-ladder dichotomy and Builder implication remain external source inputs. The finite-height reconstruction does not establish their limit-node compatibility. A replacement must state coherent successor and limit conventions and check its composition with those inputs; the finite-height proof alone does not supply that check.

At γ=3\gamma=3 the limit-node requirements disappear, but the middle case still lacks a construction. The specific positive obstruction is to the current phase templates: a shared child list of BB must place its later double before the future prescriptions determining the relevant size in AA have been made. The local merge lemma supplies only the current two counts. Uniformity under erasing numerical and unselected history is not available. This is an unproved scheduling input, not a proof that G-mid is false. Fixed-shape schedules discharge it only for strategies with those fixed prescriptions.

The negative direction has two separate outstanding inputs: a triangle-free middle pattern or other coloring, and unavoidability in every full-type subset of a specified host. The fixed-prefix embedding proves that the unavoidability assertion on unrestricted W3W_3 is false for every coloring supported on disjoint leaf sets, including strategy-output graphs. The assertion on an appropriate separated host remains unknown here. The containment interpretation is ruled out by L67; the selection-shape interpretation is explicit but has not supplied a triangle-free height-three pattern.

Thus neither direction decides γ=3\gamma=3, and no three-summand Lemma-26 replacement is supplied. Reopening the positive construction requires a rule handling the unknown future count, or a justified refinement to strategies with a more usable dependency structure. Reopening the negative construction requires both the specified host and an exclusion argument respecting the actual shared trees. These are obstructions to the recorded routes, not an impossibility theorem for other approaches.

Remaining test and standing

The positive route at Ω3\Omega_3 rests on the author-recorded normalization and finite-height source interface S, and the unproved G-mid, the three-game construction for middle strategies. Theorem 5 and Propositions 6 and 7 discharge G outside the middle class, online and for actual histories.

The next discriminating test is G-mid. Its fixed-shape part asks for a triangle schedule for every inside pair (X,Y)(X,Y) at height three with XX middle. Lemma 8 excludes the two spine words for the second tree, and Proposition 9 settles the case of two children at the top split under a condition on YY. The bounded census found schedules for all middle pairs in its range, so a counterexample, which would be a triangle-free pattern coloring, would have to be larger. The online part must place each double of the second tree without knowing the size of the first tree's first child. A failure of G-mid would not by itself give a negative partition relation: that still needs a coloring of all pairs and a color-11 pair in every subset of full order type.

The printed patterns support the reduction under the selection-shape reading of the pattern-level page. All three are inside. Theorem 31's pattern is top-first and excludes only six-cliques, and the triangle-free pattern of Theorem 33, at height four, is middle. Its exclusion argument uses a level at which the second tree has interior cells and the first has none, besides the first tree's own two upper levels. At height three, once the first tree uses all three levels, no such level remains. This is a heuristic for a positive answer, not a proof.

The first-tree synchronization mechanism is closed by the symbolic obstruction, and the fixed three-versus-two strategy is fully handled by (3). A rule that instead keeps CC entirely synchronized is also not general: the finite evidence contains a height-two fixed-shape counterexample to that restriction. The literal DC∗B∗D C^* B^* transplant has the branching obstruction above; Proposition 6 is exactly the class in which it works.

The extension past γ=3\gamma=3 is not proved here. The constructions of Theorem 5 and Propositions 6 and 7 use only successor nodes at which both games prescribe. At a limit node on a spine the two games' labels must share their maximum, which fixes the single child, while their sets δ\delta of ladder intervals can be chosen separately; each game's next Architect move under Definition 19 is then a node of the shared tree, and the spine merge applies at every successor node where either game splits. This suggests that Theorem 5, Propositions 6 and 7 and the reduction hold for every countable γ\gamma, but the check against Definitions 11, 13 and 19 with limit nodes is open. Ladder levels give the Builder freedom that height three lacks: in the printed one-summand schedule they separate the two games of the first tree. So summands equal to 11, as in γ=3\gamma=3, are expected to be the hardest part of the three-summand family.

All local arguments and computations are author-recorded and unreviewed. Definitions 6--19 and the scheduling discussion of Lemma 26 were read in the held journal transcription, with Definitions 9--11 on printed p. 1200, the game rules on pp. 1203--1204 and the one- and two-summand diagrams on pp. 1210--1212 inspected in page images. The two-summand placement rules are stated through the sets δ\delta of Definition 9(5), which exist only at limit nodes. Read with δ\delta replaced by the selected positions at a successor root, the rule for T1T_1's root contradicts the diagram's first leaves, so the printed schedules do not literally cover β=2\beta=2. Theorems 19 and 21 and Corollary 2 were read with their proof prose; the companion reconstruction proves the finite-height source interface for the coherent game, using Nash-Williams at statement depth. Theorems 27 and 28 supply external statement-depth premises, not independently checked proofs. The negative patterns in Theorems 31--33 are used only through the reading and calibration stated on the pattern-level page. No negative coloring, full-order-type avoidance proof, or resolution of Ω3→(Ω3,3)2\Omega_3\to(\Omega_3,3)^2 is claimed.