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Statement

Setting (p. 1). A family S\mathcal S of kk-element sets is rr-spread when every non-empty set TT is contained in at most rk−∣T∣r^{k-|T|} members of S\mathcal S.

Lemma 2 (p. 1). There is a constant C≥4C\geq4 such that, with r(p,k)=Cplog⁡kr(p,k)=Cp\log k, the following holds for all integers p,k≥2p,k\geq2: if S\mathcal S is a family of at least r(p,k)kr(p,k)^k sets of size kk and S\mathcal S is r(p,k)r(p,k)-spread, then S\mathcal S contains pp disjoint sets.

The paper notes (p. 2) that the probabilistic arguments of Rao and Tao, inspired by Alweiss, Lovett, Wu and Zhang, give this with r(p,k)=Θ(plog⁡(pk))r(p,k)=\Theta(p\log(pk)) (in their union-bound form, with r(p,k)=Bplog⁡(pk)r(p,k)=Bp\log(pk)); the improvement to Θ(plog⁡k)\Theta(p\log k) is the paper's.

Proof pointer

P. 2, proof of Lemma 2, with C=4BC=4B for the constant BB of Theorem 3. Assign each element of the ground set independently to one of 2p2p classes uniformly at random. Each class is distributed as XδX_\delta with δ=1/(2p)\delta=1/(2p), and Theorem 3 with ϵ=1/2\epsilon=1/2 applies because r(p,k)=2Bplog⁡(k2)≥Bδ−1log⁡(k/ϵ)r(p,k)=2Bp\log(k^2)\geq B\delta^{-1}\log(k/\epsilon), so each class contains a member of S\mathcal S with probability more than 1/21/2. By linearity of expectation some partition has at least pp classes containing a member, and members in different classes are disjoint. The paper's point is the use of 2p2p classes and expectation in place of pp classes and a union bound.

Read depth

Claims checked: the definition of spread on p. 1, Lemma 2 and its proof on p. 2 were read clause by clause on the page images of the print. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Dependencies

Theorem 3, the main technical estimate of Rao and Tao, which the paper quotes and derives in its appendix from Rao's proof.

Source. T. Bell, S. Chueluecha and L. Warnke, Note on sunflowers, Discrete Math. 344 (2021), no. 7, 112367, doi:10.1016/j.disc.2021.112367; the edition read, arXiv:2009.09327v2, is named on the source card, and the labels and pages here are its.

Bears on

  • Problem 20: the step that gives Theorem 1's bound f(n,k)≤(Cklog⁡n)nf(n,k)\leq(Ck\log n)^n; it does not give the cknc_k^n bound the problem asks for.