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Statement

Notation as on the Theorem 1 page.

Theorem 2 (p. 60, quoted). "In a plane configuration of N=2n−kN=2^n-k points (0<k<2n−10<k<2^{n-1}) there is an angle ≥(1−1/n−k/2N)π\ge(1-1/n-k/2N)\pi."

The introduction (p. 54) states it as α(2n−k)≥(1−1/n)π−kπ/2(2n−k)\alpha(2^n-k)\ge(1-1/n)\pi-k\pi/2(2^n-k) for 0<k<2n−10<k<2^{n-1}. No range for nn is printed; the range of kk is empty unless n≥2n\ge2.

The suggestion beside it (p. 54). The authors write that it is not impossible that α(m)=(1−1/n)π\alpha(m)=(1-1/n)\pi for 2n−1<m<2n2^{n-1}<m<2^n, n≥4n\ge4, and that (3) holds for every m>6m>6, but that they can prove only Theorem 2.

Proof pointer

Pp. 60--61. Lemma 4 (p. 58) refines Lemma 3.1: for N=2n−kN=2^n-k, 0≤k<2n0\le k<2^n, and an even partition of C(N)C^{(N)} into nn classes, writing ν(p)\nu(p) for the number of classes with no edge at pp, ∑p(2ν(p)−1)≤k\sum_p(2^{\nu(p)}-1)\le k. Assuming every angle is at most (1−1/n)π−12δ−δ′(1-1/n)\pi-\tfrac12\delta-\delta' with δ=kπ/N\delta=k\pi/N and δ′>0\delta'>0, each point pp has a direction α(p)\alpha(p) such that no segment from pp lies in the two opposite open sectors of that angle bounded by ±α(p)\pm\alpha(p). Some open arc of length δ+13δ′\delta+\tfrac13\delta' contains k+1k+1 of the 2N2N directions ±α(p)\pm\alpha(p). A sector partition aligned with that arc, with the edges in two thin strips moved to other classes, stays even, and the k+1k+1 points owning those directions have no edge in the first class, so the sum in Lemma 4 exceeds kk.

Dependencies

Theorem 1's apparatus: Lemmas 1, 2 and 5 and the sector partitions of Section 4, with Lemma 4 of this paper.

Read depth. Claims checked: Theorem 2, its announcement and the suggestion on p. 54 were read clause by clause on the page images of the print; the proof (pp. 60--61) was followed for structure. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Source. P. Erdős and G. Szekeres, On some extremum problems in elementary geometry, Ann. Univ. Sci. Budapest. Eötvös Sect. Math. 3--4 (1960/1961), 53--62; the edition read is named on the source card.

Bears on

  • Problem 504: a lower bound for αm\alpha_m when 2n−1<m<2n2^{n-1}<m<2^n; it determines no value. The suggestion that α(m)=(1−1/n)π\alpha(m)=(1-1/n)\pi throughout that range is a guess the paper does not prove; the problem's claim pages record what later became of it.