Wiki
Wiki

Research notes on every problem, and a library of the papers behind them. Built from the open erdos repository.

Updated


Claim. The statement of Problem 350 holds: if 1≤a1<⋯<an1\le a_1<\cdots<a_n are integers whose 2n2^n subset sums are pairwise distinct, then ∑i=1n1/ai<2\sum_{i=1}^n1/a_i<2. The claimed result is Theorem 1 of S. J. Benkoski and P. Erdős, On weird and pseudoperfect numbers, which states it in exactly this form (all sums ∑iεiai\sum_i\varepsilon_ia_i with εi∈{0,1}\varepsilon_i\in\{0,1\} distinct) and credits its proof to C. Ryavec; Erdős had conjectured the bound in February 1973, and his surveys of 1975 and 1977 restate the theorem as Ryavec's proof of that conjecture. The proof is a one-page analytic argument: distinctness of the subset sums gives ∏i(1+xai)<1/(1−x)\prod_i(1+x^{a_i})<1/(1-x) for 0<x<10<x<1, and taking logarithms, dividing by xx and integrating over (0,1)(0,1) turns this into π212∑i1/ai<π26\frac{\pi^2}{12}\sum_i1/a_i<\frac{\pi^2}{6}. The remark after the proof (p. 619) sharpens the bound to ∑i1/ai≤2−21−n\sum_i1/a_i\le2-2^{1-n}, with equality only for ai=2i−1a_i=2^{i-1}, the powers of two, which attain it. Read depth: claims checked for the theorem and the refinement on the result page of the source card; the proof for structure, not checked. Ryavec published no text of his own, and the elementary proof of E. and G. Szekeres that Erdős mentions in 1975 is untraced.

Depends on. Nothing in this wiki.

Formalizations. Two Lean developments prove the theorem in the form the formal-conjectures catalog states it, erdos_350: for a Finset ℕ A with DecidableDistinctSubsetSums A, ∑n∈A1/n<2\sum_{n\in A}1/n<2 over the reals. Both follow the counting route rather than Ryavec's analytic argument: the kk smallest elements of a set with distinct subset sums sum to at least 2k−12^k-1, so the reciprocal sum is at most ∑i<n2−i<2\sum_{i<n}2^{-i}<2.

  • The file src/v4.24.0/ErdosProblems/Erdos350.lean of Boris Alexeev's repository lean-proofs (toolchain leanprover/lean4:v4.24.0; 239 lines at the linked commit of 2026-09-15). Its header declares the file a formalization of a solution to the problem, names Ryavec as the finder of the original human proof and cites this paper; it says that ChatGPT (OpenAI) explained a proof of the result, not necessarily the original one, that Aristotle (Harmonic) auto-formalized the resulting text into Lean, and that the statement is taken from the Formal Conjectures project. The lemmas sum_ge_two_pow_sub_one, sum_inv_le_sum_inv_of_sum_ge and reciprocal_sum_lt_two carry the counting argument, and positivity of the elements is derived from the distinctness hypothesis. The file has no sorry, no axiom declaration and no native_decide, and records no #print axioms output. The repository's owner announced the file on the site's discussion thread on 25 November 2025 and reported there that he had checked the result; the repository's record page lists copies for six Mathlib versions.
  • The file FormalConjectures/ErdosProblems/350.lean of the fork XC0R/formal-conjectures at its commit of 13 April 2026 (337 lines) proves erdos_350 in place from three private lemmas, partial_sum_ge_pow, abel_partial_sum_bound and sum_inv_le_of_partial_sum_ge (an Abel-summation comparison), followed by the geometric bound; the theorem's docstring, inherited from the catalog, credits the result to Ryavec. The only sorry in the file is the Hanson--Steele--Stenger variant erdos_350.variants.strengthening, and the file declares no axiom. Its author is known only by the GitHub login, and no other posting of the proof is known. The fork is recorded as a formalization of the credited result rather than as a claim of its own because it proves the catalog's statement in place, and that statement's docstring credits the result to Ryavec; the file names no author of its own, human or AI, and presents no proof as a new solution.

The catalog's statement file for the problem (linked above at its commit of 2026-09-18; category research solved, sorry body) carries formal_proof attributes naming the first file on the main branch and the second at the linked commit, and its docstring says that the problem was formalized in Lean by Alexeev using Aristotle. The community database lists the problem as proved in Lean, its entry last updated on 25 November 2025, the day Alexeev announced his file; the catalog added the fork's proof in April 2026. Only the linked commits of the two files are described. No formalized evidence is listed: that evidence means Lean this corpus built and audited, and no statement-fidelity review of either file exists.

Acceptance. Refereed publication: Mathematics of Computation 28 (1974), no. 126, 617--623, received 28 June 1973 and issued April 1974 (the issue month printed on the paper's first page; the date of this page). Reviewed: the site's curator (T. F. Bloom) labels the problem proved and credits the proof to Ryavec as reproduced in [BeEr74] (; no last-edited date). Erdős's own records of the theorem as proved, in his surveys of 1975 (p. 302) and 1977 (p. 52) and, with Graham, in the 1980 monograph (p. 60), are an author's restatements and are context, not independent review. The site's Lean mark dates from Alexeev's file of 25 November 2025, the first of the two external Lean developments above; the fork's proof entered the catalog in April 2026. The stronger Dirichlet-series bound of Hanson, Steele and Stenger has its own page.