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Statement

Theorem IV (p. 530). Add to the hypotheses of Theorem III that, throughout a subinterval [c,d][c,d] of [a,b][a,b],

m≤p(x)≤M1−x2.m\le p(x)\le\frac{M}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}.

If xd(n)x_d^{(n)} again denotes the root of ωn(x)\omega_n(x) nearest to xx, then for c+ϵ≤x≤d−ϵc+\epsilon\le x\le d-\epsilon and n>n0(ϵ,c,d,p)n>n_0(\epsilon,c,d,p)

∣ωn(x)∣>c37b−a[mM+∫−11p(t) dt]1/2∣x−xd(n)∣(b−a4)nn.|\omega_n(x)|>\frac{c_{37}}{\sqrt{b-a}} \left[\frac{m}{M+\int_{-1}^1p(t)\,dt}\right]^{1/2} |x-x_d^{(n)}|\left(\frac{b-a}{4}\right)^n\sqrt n.

Remark I (p. 531). In the special case m≤p(x)≤M/1−x2m\le p(x)\le M/\sqrt{1-x^2} throughout [−1,1][-1,1], the paper records that on [−1+ϵ,1−ϵ][-1+\epsilon,1-\epsilon]

c41(p,ϵ)n2n∣x−xd(n)∣≤∣ωn(x)∣≤c42(p,ϵ)n2n.c_{41}(p,\epsilon)\frac{\sqrt n}{2^n}|x-x_d^{(n)}|\le|\omega_n(x)| \le c_{42}(p,\epsilon)\frac{\sqrt n}{2^n}.

Proof pointer

Pp. 530--531. Lemma V (p. 530): if p≥0p\ge0 is LL-integrable on [−1,1][-1,1] and p(x)≤M/1−x2p(x)\le M/\sqrt{1-x^2} on [u,v][u,v], then the Christoffel numbers of the nodes in [u+η,v−η][u+\eta,v-\eta] (η>0\eta>0) are O((M+η−2n−1∫−11p)/n)O\bigl((M+\eta^{-2}n^{-1}\int_{-1}^1p)/n\bigr), with numerical constants; it is proved from Shohat's minimum property with a Fejér-kernel test polynomial. The proof of Theorem IV inserts Lemma V into identity (39) with u=cu=c, v=dv=d, η=12ϵ\eta=\frac12\epsilon, uses footnote 7 to place the root interval containing xx inside [c+12ϵ,d−12ϵ][c+\frac12\epsilon,d-\frac12\epsilon] for large nn, and applies Lemma IV.

Read depth

Claims checked: Theorem IV, Lemma V and Remark I were read clause by clause on the page images of the print; the proof was followed for structure. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Dependencies

Theorem III and its identity (39), Lemma IV and Lemma V of the same paper; Fejér's density result of footnote 7.

Source. P. Erdős and P. Turán, On interpolation. III. Interpolatory theory of polynomials, Annals of Mathematics (2) 41 (3) (1940), 510--553, DOI 10.2307/1968733; the edition read is named on the source card.

Bears on

None of the problem pages directly.