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Statement

Setting (p. 1). An integer is yy-smooth when each of its prime divisors is at most yy. A polynomial f∈Z[t]f\in\mathbb Z[t] of positive degree admits smoothness θ≥0\theta\ge0 when ∣f(n)∣\lvert f(n)\rvert is ∣f(n)∣θ\lvert f(n)\rvert^\theta-smooth for infinitely many integers nn, and admits polysmoothness θ\theta when some non-constant g∈Z[t]g\in\mathbb Z[t] makes every irreducible factor of f(g(t))f(g(t)) of degree at most θ(deg⁡f)(deg⁡g)\theta(\deg f)(\deg g). The paper remarks (p. 1) that polysmoothness θ\theta implies smoothness η\eta for every η>θ\eta>\theta, by looking at the values f(g(m))f(g(m)) for large integers mm.

Theorem 1.1 (p. 1, quoted). "Let f∈Z[t]f\in\mathbb Z[t] be quadratic. Then for some c>0c>0 there are polynomials g∈Z[t]g\in\mathbb Z[t] of arbitrarily large odd degree kk for which f(g(t))f(g(t)) factors as a product of polynomials of degree at most ck/log⁡log⁡kck/\sqrt{\log\log k}. Thus ff admits polysmoothness ε\varepsilon for any ε>0\varepsilon>0."

The paper answers, for degree two, the question it poses on p. 1: whether every f∈Z[t]f\in\mathbb Z[t] of positive degree admits polysmoothness ε\varepsilon for every ε>0\varepsilon>0. It notes (p. 3) that the theorem supersedes, for quadratics, Schinzel's polysmoothness exponent θ(2)=0.27950849…\theta(2)=0.27950849\ldots.

Proof pointer

A quadratic that is a product of two linear factors is the case l=2l=2, k1=k2=1k_1=k_2=1 of Theorem 2.1 (end of Section 2, p. 6). For irreducible f=at2+bt+cf=at^2+bt+c (Section 4, pp. 10--12), kk is taken to be the product of the primes below a large XX not dividing 2aϕ(a)2a\phi(a), so that ∏p∣k(1−1/p)\prod_{p\mid k}(1-1/p) is of order 1/log⁡log⁡k1/\log\log k. Lemma 4.1 (p. 10) supplies integers with (maα+n)k=Aα+B(ma\alpha+n)^k=A\alpha+B, A≠0A\ne0, (A,B)=1(A,B)=1, for a root α\alpha of ff. Then f((tk−B)/A)f((t^k-B)/A) splits over Q\mathbb Q into a constant times polynomials hdh_d of degree 2ϕ(d)2\phi(d), one for each d∣kd\mid k, built from dd-th roots of unity. Since BB is a kk-th power zkz^k modulo AA, the shift g(t)=((At+z)k−B)/Ag(t)=((At+z)^k-B)/A has integer coefficients and odd degree kk, and the factors of f(g(t))f(g(t)) have degree at most 2k∏p∣k(1−1/p)2k\prod_{p\mid k}(1-1/p).

Read depth

Claims checked: the definitions and the statement were read clause by clause on the printed pages; the proof was read for its structure, not checked line by line. Nothing here is independently reviewed.

Dependencies

Lemma 4.1 (p. 10) and Theorem 2.1 (p. 5) of the same paper.

Source. J. W. Bober, D. Fretwell, G. Martin and T. D. Wooley, Smooth values of polynomials, J. Aust. Math. Soc. 108 (2020), no. 2, 245--261, doi:10.1017/S1446788718000320; the arXiv version 1 print (arXiv:1710.01970v1, 5 October 2017) is the edition read, and its labels and pages are cited here, as named on the source card.