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Let be a finite set of integers. Is it true that, for every , if is sufficiently large depending on , then there are least many integers which are either the sum or product of distinct elements of ?
Source: erdosproblems.com/53
An accepted solution exists. The statement is true.
PROVED (LEAN), the site's label; its suffix is a catalog
label explained under Formalization. The status-defining source is Chang
(Ann. of Math. (2) 157 (2003), 939--957, refereed). Section 2 proves the
lower bound of her Theorem 2 in the form (2.2):
for every
and every set of positive integers with large,
where is the number of simple sums plus the number of simple products
of . Theorem 2 as printed, display (0.21), asserts its two bounds for some
. This bound exceeds every fixed power of ; the case of a
set of integers of either sign follows by the sign reduction on the claim
page, so the answer is yes. The claim page is
Chang,
accepted on the site curator's credit and the refereed publication; the 2026
Lean development that declares itself a formalization of her result is
linked there and gives no formalized evidence, since this corpus has not
built or audited it.